New silicon solar cells

New silicon solar cells

Recently, the University of Illinois at Urbana - Champaign (University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign), John Rogers (John Rogers) led scientists have discovered a new high-efficiency silicon solar cell production method. This approach produced highly flexible silicon solar cells and scalability, you can roll a pencil, but also may even be as transparent windows of the building and automotive glass coloring agent.

Published in the online journal "Nature - Materials" (Nature Materials) said in a report on, you can use a new approach to traditional silicon processing, about fine crackers, cut into thin fragile silicon micro- wafer, then carefully transfer them to another extension of a flexible material surface.

Rogers, a leader in the new study, said: "We can be confused super-thin silicon wafers, can be attached to any of the plastic curl. Wafers can also be made into film or film-like, mixed with the glass in the building. This building material into the space utilization of solar energy development platform. "

As global oil prices, coupled with fears of global warming, greatly increased the demand for solar cells.

Many companies in the world, the Japanese consumer electronics manufacturers such as Sharp Corporation (Sharp Corp) and the German solar giant Q Battery Company (Q-Cells) are produced thin film solar cells, however, these thin film solar cells convert solar energy into electricity in the generally less than on the efficiency of traditional solar cells.

Rogers said that their technology is used in conventional silicon, they are "durable, high efficiency, but the current situation is too rigid and therefore seems very fragile." Rogers they adopted a method of dealing with these silicon etching. Silicon surface in a large scrape small pieces, these pieces of silicon wafers thinner than thin 10 times to 100 times, and because the small size and easier to use.

After the silicon debris scraped off with the equivalent of a "rubber stamp" of the device picks up the pieces, and then they are "printed" to the surface of other substances.

Rogers said: "These silicon debris scraped off like ink. Scraped off after the large thin pieces of silicon wafer surface to become a 'stamp pad'. Only with the 'seal' will 'stamp pad' in the silicon debris 'Indian' to other surfaces can be. "

He said that as long as the final step will be to use electronic equipment in the power of solar cells derived on it.

Improve the flexibility of silicon material makes the silicon solar cell is more lightweight, easy to carry. Rogers for the bright future of silicon solar cells will be "rolled up like a carpet can be stuffed into the truck."

He said the newly established North Carolina, Durham County, Semprius company is negotiating up the technology.

Rogers said: "We just use a different way of things we have known."

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Common fuel cells

This article via: Common fuel cells

Here are five kinds of fuel cells :

Proton exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC), the good ones: ibm 40Y6795 , ibm 40Y6797 , ibm 40Y6799 , lenovo thinkpad t60 Battery , ibm 92P1101 , ibm 92P1102 , etc.

The electrolyte of Proton exchange membrane fuel cell(like the inspiron 1520 battery) is a thin polymer membrane in the proton exchange membrane fuel cell,such as poly [perfluoro sulfonyl] acid (poly [perfluorosulphonic] acid), and protons can penetrate, but not conductive NafionTM , while the electrode is composed of basically carbon. Hydrogen go into the fuel cell to reach the anode,and cracked into hydrogen ions (protons) and electrons. Hydrogen ions go into the cathode through the electrolyte penetration, while the electrons flow through an external network to provide electricity. At the same time, to form the air of oxygen for supplying the cathode, and combine with electrons and hydrogen ions to form water.

Alkaline fuel cell (AFC): dell vostro 1400 battery , dell vostro a840 battery , dell vostro a860 battery .

Alkaline electrolyte fuel cell use a potassium hydroxide aqueous solution or a stable matrix as electrolyte ,such as Dell inspiron 6000 battery, and the electrochemical reactions move from the cathode to the anode reacts with the hydrogen in water and electronics ,which is slightly different. These electrons first provide energy for the external circuit , then returning to the cathode to react with oxygen and water to produce more hydroxyl ions.

Phosphoric acid fuel cell (PAFC): dell xps m140 battery , dell xps m1210 battery , dell xps m1330 battery , dell xps m1530 battery , dell xps m1710 battery , dell xps m1730 battery.

Such cells use liquid phosphoric acid as the electrolyte, the operating temperature is slightly higher than the proton exchange membrane fuel cells and alkaline fuel cell operating temperature, it is 150 ~ 200 ℃ or so, but still rely on the platinum electrode catalyst to speed up the reaction. The anode and cathode reactions and proton exchange membrane fuel cell is same, but because of its higher operating temperature, so its reaction is faster than proton exchange membrane fuel cell cathode speed on the cathode ,take the Dell inspiron 6400 battery for example .

Molten carbonate fuel cell (MCFC): dell latitude X300 battery , dell vostro 1000 battery.

Molten carbonate fuel cell (for one thing ,the Dell latitude d830 battery )uses a molten lithium-potassium carbonate or lithium sodium carbonate as the electrolyte. When the temperature is heated to 650 ℃, this salt will melt, producing carbonate ions, flow from the cathode to the anode , and combine with hydrogen produce water, carbon dioxide and electronics. Electronics and then return to the cathode through an external circuit, generating in this process.

Solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC): dell latitude x1 battery , dell latitude x200 battery , dell inspiron 6000 battery.

Solid oxide fuel cell operating temperature is even higher than the molten carbonate fuel cell temperature, used as solid ceramic electrolyte, such as yttria stabilized zirconia and other solid ceramic electrolyte, instead of using the liquid electrolyte. Its operating temperature is located between 800 ~ 1000 ℃. In such a fuel cell for Dell inspiron e1505 battery , when the oxygen ion moving from the cathode to the anode, so that oxidation of fuel gas (mainly hydrogen and carbon monoxide mixture)generate energy. Anode return to the cathode to reduce the access of oxygen through the external circuit, thus completing the cycle.

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